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An environmentally-sound design technique in the architecture field can be vividly described as sustainable architecture. In broad terms, this type of architecture seeks to reduce as much as possible the negative environmental impact of structures by enhancing moderation and efficiency when using energy, building materials, as well as the development space. Ideally, the notion of ecological design or sustainability is to make sure that any action taken on building today does not stall any chances of the future generations.

The main goal of sustainable architecture in the whole life cycle of a structure is energy efficiency. As such, green architects will use any possible technique to not only reduce the energy needs of any given building but at the same time increase the ability of the building to tap or generate its own energy. The most crucial and cost-effective facet of an efficient heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system is a well insulated structure. A sustainable building will need less heat generating or dispelling power, although it may need a competent ventilation capacity to drive out polluted indoor air.

Considerable amounts of energy will be ousted out of the structures through the air, water, and compost streams. Still on point, having on-site energy recycling systems can efficiently recapture energy generated from waste stale air and hot water and change and re-route that energy into incoming fresh air or cold water. Ecological sustainability in sustainability architecture entails using reflexive solar building designs that will allow a building to trap energy from the sun in an efficient manner without the need of any active solar mechanism like solar hot panels or photovoltaic cells.

Characteristically, passive solar construction designs integrate materials that have super high thermal mass which is able to effectively retain heat. Similarly, the same ought to have a very strong insulation that will reduce chances of heat escaping from the building. Solar shadings, such as the use of shutter, blinds, or awnings, can be used in low energy designs to regulate the solar heat during the summer season and reduce the need of using an artificial cooling.  As such, a perfect sustainable architecture plan has to have a viable means in place that will prevent excess solar gain during the summer months so that the cooling needs reduce gradually.

Additionally, green architects will ensure that a low energy structure has the lowest surface area to volume ratio to reduce the rate at which heat is lost. This explains the reason why expansive multi-winged structural designs which, many people assume appear more organic, are largely avoided for more centralized buildings. Ecological sustainability equally entails strategically placing windows in locations where they will make the most out of heat that creates light while at the same time reduce heat loss through glass which happens to be a very poor heat insulator.

Some types of windows like double or triple glazed insulated windows that are filled with low emissivity coatings and gas spaces give a better insulation when used in sustainable architectures than what a single-pane glass window will give.